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Izibhati zika-LiFePO4 zineziphumo ezinhle xa kuxoxa nezokuhlala ngokushesha, okusiza ukungena ngokwehlisa izimo eziphakeme njengokwehlisa izimo eziphakeme. Yini indlela? Ukuchazwa kwazo okukhethekile kakhulu kungase kuthathwa ngokushesha noma xa kunezindleko. Imvisto ibonisa ukuthi izibhati zokwenzeka ukusebenzela amandla angaphezulu kwe-350 degrees Celsius ngekho kulindleko okungase kwenziwe ngokwehlisa amandla ka-180 degrees. Ngoba izibhati zokwenzeka ukuthathwa ngokushesha, kungase kuthathwa ngokushesha futhi kungase kuthathwa ngokushesha. Lokhu kwenza izibhati zika-LiFePO4 zibe yindlela yokwahlala ukuthula lapho ukushesha kungase kuthathwa ngokushesha, futhi kunezindleko zokusebenza ngokushesha nezindleko zokugcina amandla. Abasebenzisa lokhu kuhlala ngokushesha ngokuthi kunezindleko zokuthula futhi kungase kuthathwa ngokushesha.
Ibhetri yamanye ye-LiFePO4 iyisikhulu esibonakalayo ngokuthi inemise engeke yahlonipheke njengokwezimali ezijwayelekileyo zokuthi zinezinto ezingavulanga njengomhlaba wamanye nezinto ezingavulanga. Lokho kuthi kuba kungcono kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa yona, futhi kunehlanzeko oluncane kakhulu kwezimali lapho kunezinto ezimbi. Okunye okubalulekileyo ngokwesiqhelo ngokwesiqhelo yabo kukuthi kuzinezinto ezingavulanga, ngakho akukho moya omkhulu wezinto ezimbi lapho kunezinto ezimbi. Ukuhlolwa kwamanye amabhethri kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwezimali. Okunye okuthi kubalulekileyo ngokwezimali ngokuthi kuyimise engeke yahlonipheke, ukubuyiselwa kwezimali kuyimfushane futhi ukususa kwezimali kungase kungahlonipheke. Kusukela ku-1 nje ukuya kulo lapho kuzokhipha, le amabhethri ayisikhulu esibonakalayo kubo bonke abasebenzisa yona.
Ibhetri yelithiyam yokufakwa (LiFePO4) iyasebenza kusukela kuma-1,000 kuya kuma-10,000 okulayisha nokulayishwa, okuhlukile kakhulu nezibhetri eziqile ezingasebenzi kusukela kuma-300 kuya kuma-1,000 okulayisha. Lokho kuthiwa kusebenza ngemva yokuthi kubizwa ngokuthula kakhulu kuthiwa kungaphansi kwezindleko ezincane futhi kuthiwa kwenziwe ngokuncane. Uma kugcinwa ngokulungile nokulayisha ngokulungile futhi kugcinwe kusukela emaphakathini amathempurathi amathile, le bhetri ingasebenze ngokuphelele. Lokho kuthiwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekugcineni imikhawulo yesithuthi esinezerfu kusukela kuma-izilulu kuya kuma-inwindi. Manje sibona le bhetri ishaya kusukela kuma-izinhlelo zasekhaya kuya kuma-izinhlelo zokudlalela ngokweqile, ngakolunye ukuhamba kwamandla aphakeme kakhulu ngokweqile.
Izifundo ikubonisa ukuthi amabhateli we-LiFePO4 ayivikelela kahle kungokuthenga okungu-80% yezimoto eziphambene nazo ema-3,000 ethu kwehlukaniswa, ngelokho amabhateli e-lithium-ion asetile ayiphansi kungokuthenga okungu-60% kumathuba aphindaphinde amaningi. Isizathu solwandle lwesha kulokhu kungukrstrong kakhulu okungu-cathode structure kwamagel ya-LiFePO4, oku cabangwa ngeminye imibhalo yezinhloso zokuthenga kweminyaka ethile. Le bhateli ayizimise kakhulu ngenkathi zilala, ngakho ke zilala kude futhi zisebenza ngendlela ethembekile kuzindlela eziningi. Sibonile ukuthi zisebenza kuzo zonke izinto kusukela kwe-phones ezifihla kuzo okukhulu njengamakhari ye-electric futhi izindleko zokugcina. Ukubulala kwazo kungcono kwezinkampani ezifuna ukwenza izinketho ezinhle kwezitekere ngaphandle kokuthi zingcine ukuthi zilale, oku ekugcineni kuthinte izindleko zokulungiswa futhi kuthinte kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinye izinhlobo.
Ibhetri yase-LiFePO4 ibekiwa kakhulu kanti isebenzisa izinto eziphumelelayo fanye nezithulwana. Ukubukeka kwezinto eziphumelelayo kwenza isebenza ngemoya wokwenza izinto eziphumelelayo kwiindlela zokwenza nezinto eziphumelelayo zokugcina, okwenza kube yimali ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zokugcina ezitholakalayo kuleli ndlela. Ukuthi le bhetri zinezinto ezijikelezayo njengeFerri neFosforasi nazo zenza ukuthi kube lula kakhulu ukubuyisa fanye nezinto eziphumelelayo ngaphandle kwezinye izinto, okwenza kube yimali ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zokugcina ezitholakalayo kuleli ndlela. Imibuzo yesikoleni iyavuma ukuthi kungekho lula ukuthola okungenani 90% yezinto zasebhetri yase-LiFePO4 ezibuyiswa fanye nezinto eziphumelelayo ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwezinto eziphumelelayo, okwenza kube lula ukuthi izinkampani zenze izinto ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukubuyiswa kwezibhetri ngokulula kwenza ukuthi LiFePO4 kube yimali ngaphezulu kwezinye izinto zokugcina ezitholakalayo kuleli ndlela.
Ibhetri yami LiFePO4 iyakhiwa ngemipsha engcono kakhulu esimiselwe neyokwezwa yezinhlanzi ezijwayelekileyo ezinezinto eziphunzisiweyo njengokwesiliva ne-asidi yesulfurik ezifakwe kuzo. Izindlela zokucabanga ngokuphelele kwezimali zokusebenza zokuthi le bhetri yami yelithiyam lefule yilapho ingene kakhulu kuzindlela zokugcinwa kwezinhloso zokuziphatha, ukunciphisa amathuba okulungiswa kwezinhlanzi noma ukubonwa kwezinto eziphunzisiweyo. Iindlela zokubophezela zasegoveni zasebenzisa futhi, ukubonisa ukuthi yini le teknoloji yami yisibonelo esikhulu. Le nqubo yekubophezela iyasebenza kakhulu kuzindlela zokuthi LiFePO4 ibe yinto ephathekayo kuzo zonke izindzwa lapho kudingeka ukulandela izindlela zokugcinwa kwezinhloso zokuziphatha. Sibona le nqubo yekuguqula ibe yinto ephathekayo kuzindlela zokudlala, ukuxhumana nezindlela zokuthuthwa kwezimali esibonayo, njengoba izinkampani ziyadinga izindlela zokufinyelela kuzo izindlela zokugcinwa kwezinhloso zokuziphatha ngaphandle kokuthile kakhulu kwezindlela zokusebenza noma ukuthanda izinto eziphathelene ngokulula nezindlela zokubetha izinhlanzi.
Izibheti le-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) zilungise indlela abasebenzisa ngayo izinhloso zokulandelwa kwezulu. Zagcinwa amandla esilisa kahle, ngakho kunezindleko evela noma ukhiye kakhulu noma kwehluleka kwezulu emasikathini. Imvulo ye-Stanford University yakuthola ukuthi izindlu ezisebenzisa lezi zibheti zithola amandla okusebenzela kahle ngama-30% ngaphezulu kwezinye ezisebenzisa izibheti ezedwa. Kungani? Lezi zibheti zilanga futhi kude kakhulu ngaphandle kwezinye. Ziyisisekelo kakhulu kuwo wonke amathuba, kusukela kuzindlela zokulandelwa kwamakhaya kuya kuzindlela eziphezulu zokusebenza kwamaphakela noma izindlu zokuthengisa. Okuthakazelisa yilokho balawulwa ngazo izinto eziphakathi nezinto eziphansi zokulandelwa kwesilisa ngelinye wemva, futhi balawulwa ngazo ukuthokozisa amandla, kungaba yilokho ukubhantsha isikhashana esikudlule noma ukusebenzisa izinhlobo zokusebenza emasikathini.
Xa kuxela imimandla yesithawu sezingqimba, abakhubekeli abaningi baya kuya kwi-LiFePO4 imikhawulo ye-lithium-ion ngoba zisebenza ngakunye kunezinye izinto. Lezi ziphelo zinika i-EVs imitha ezingaphezulu phakathi kwezocingo ngesikhathi sokuqala futhi siba yilapho sikhathi kudinga ukuphinde kuzocingo okuncane okubalulekile kakhulu abasebenzisa. Ngokwemathematika yaqa kabusho, lezi ziphelo ziye kweqela kungu-80% kwezocingo ngemva kwezinsuku ezingama-30, lokhu kwenza yena kakhulu kuleli xeshana le-EV esebenza ngokushesha namanje. Yiyiphi indlela LiFePO4 isebenza ngokukhanya? Zilala ngemva, zilondoloza imiphatho ngokuvarywa kwezinye izimo, futhi zinikeza amandla angcono futhi. Akunyeke amaphoyintu aqhubeka ngeke ayisebenze ngokukhanya le teknoloji xa baxhuma ezinyathelweni zokugcina amandla angcono okungase kuthinte abasebenzisa ngemva kwezinsuku.
Noma i-LiFePO4 iyindlela engaphezulu, kuyindlela ethetha izindleko ezingaphansi. Lezi zibhatheli zilapha kakhulu ngaphandle kwezibhatheli eziyisisekelo nezilithiyam le-adisi nezilithiyam le-lithiyam. Iinkcalkcalo evela kubizwa ngokuba izindleko zokufumana i-30% zokubuyisa lezi zibhatheli kunye nezindleko zokulungisa, ngokwesicatshulwa siya-Akhlaqul Karomah. Inqanawe yazo yile ndlela ethetha izindleko ezingaphansi, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphatha izindleko. Xa iindlela zokusebenza ziyibhatheli zokusebenzisa i-LiFePO4, zindlela zazo zingapheli izindleko zokubuyisa i-batteries ngokulandela le ndlela kodwa zifumana ukusebenza okuningi.
Izibheti zika-LiFePO4 zihlukahluka ngoba zilayele kahle ngokusheshayo kunoma zibheti zasekile zokugcinwa, zikhuphisela isikhathi esidingekile ukuzilayela kabusha. Izivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi lezi zibheti zingasebenzisa amathemu amakhulu, futhi kungaba kuzingama-3C. Kuthini oku? Zinikeza amandla ngokusheshayo noma ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zingathintwa kakhulu. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi usebenyiswe kakhulu kuzo zinto ezifanalo nezimoto lekithi nezinhlelo zokuvikela izulu lapho kudingeka ukufinyelela ngokusheshayo kwelekthrisithi esetshenziswe. Ukuphakama kwezokulayela ngokusheshayo nezokulawulwa kuvumela ukuthi izibheti zika-LiFePO4 zifutshane amathiphu athile abantu babo lapho kudingeka ukulayela izinto ngokusheshayo, futhi zikhonse kahle noma lapho kuzochithwa kakhulu kuzo izimo ezifisayo ezindzweni ezidinga ukuvikela amandla ngokuphelele.