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Amabhethe lithi yatholakala ukubuya ephandle kwezinhlobo zokusebenza izinyelo esamane ngaphandle kokuthi kuzo lula amanye amagama. Ngaphezulu kwezibhedethi ezidingwayo, amabhethe lithi bavumelela 150-200 Wh/kg kwezinyelo zezinye, ebizange lokuhlola okushesha ngasemva kwezinye izindlu ezincinci. Le ndlela yokungacinci kuhluke kakhulu emikhakheni yobanzi apho isithombe sikululekile. Ukufakwa kwemoto yokuhlola okushesha ngasemva kwezinye izindlu sivelela umthwalo wokusebenza kwezinyelo zakahle esimane nokuthi kuhlukene ngenqanawe yokugcina izindlela zokusetyenziswa kwezinye izinyelo zakahle.
Izindlela zethu ezithathelwe ngokuthi umkhuhlane okubanzi kweebhethi lelithium-ion ikwenza izinhlela ezimbili lokuhlola udlula olukhefu lomphakathi kulandelule kakhulu phakathi komphakathi kunoma imibhalo yebhethi ezingaphezu kwabo. Lomkhombopho wakugcina ukuthi kungafanele kuwo muntu omunye nokulandelayo abahlinzekile amaningi esihloniphiwe amasolosheni nokuthi amazwe aphoqele amalungiselelo akususa nokuthi amaphandle komhlaba. Ngokwesentiso, ngenxa yalithium batteries, izindlu zomphakathi zikwenza ukuba zikhuse izimalingiselo ezidingekayo ekhona ngaphandle kokuphela ukuthi amasayizi angabhedlule.
Yonke loo nto olungumthombo olushesha kakhulu lokulandelwa kweebhethi lelithium kunoma iibhethi ziphi ezidluleyo, njengenelead-acid batteries, yiimvume yakho eyisheshayo. Ukufinyelela kweebhethi lelithium ibe ngamashumi amahlane ngo 10 kwi-15 amashumi, lokhu lengekho kanye nenkulu kakhulu kwi-3 kwi-5 amashumi ezinamva kweendlela ezidluleyo nelead-acid. Ngenxa yokuthi kusindiswa ngabantu beseleyo, iibhethi lelithium-ion zingabhedlule amashumi amahlane ngo 5000 ngokuhlala ngokubhedlisiwe, lokhu libheka ukuthi labe lamanje lapho lalungile kakhulu lokuhlala kakhulu eminyaka yokuqhubeka.
Ukungaphumelela kwesikhephe sikhli yebhethari ngokubhekisisa kuhlanganisa ukusuka kwezilondolozi zokugcina, ukuze kuhluleke amagugu angcono esiphambili kakhulu. Lomphathiso wakukhululeka kufinyelela isiphumo sokuthi lokhu lalokho olunemali, futhi kukholela ukuphucula okusebenza ngezinto ezifihlileyo, ukuba nokuthola umthombo ohlukene nge-empumelelo yokusebenza yombuso wesibayeni. Ngokuyenza ngokwesiphiwo lokusebenza kwisebe lebhethari lelikhli, abasebenzisi bezindawo bazoba ukubonisa indlela eyahlukene yokusebenzela ukuphucula komoya, ukubizwa ngokubekwe ngamandla emuva kwiindlela ezidingekayo ngekhahlisho nezinhlobo zokusebenza.
Izisebe zelikhli zikhululekile ukuxhumana ngenqanawe nenqanawe yesolopho yombuso wesibayeni, ukuze kuhlangane imvumulo yenqanawe yesolopho. Lezi zisebe zikhululekile ukugcina inqanawe yesolopho etholakalo ngesikhathi esikhulu, uzokusetyenziswa ngesikhathi somdabuko, njengesintu sesihlanu. Lokhu kufinyelela abasebenzisi bezindawo bazobe bakwaziwe ukuthola uphawu lwesimo selenkulu lokusebenzela komoya kunye nokuncedeka kwezihlangothi zokusetshenziswa, okungaba kuvela amalindi amancane.
Ngokushesha, ukufakwa kwezinyezi ezilithi yoncwangciso oluhlobene nendawo yokuhlola izindlela zokuphela emanzini ngokubheka ukusetyenziswa kwezindlela ezahlukileyo. Lolu hlobono alungiselelwa kunye nokulula amandla apho amaxesha akwazi ukusetshenziswa phakathi komhlaba okuthiwe ngonyaka. Ukufakwa kokuthiwe kwezinyezi ezilithi ngaphandle komoya wasejiki lokusetshenziswa kwezinyezi ezahlukileyo zikhangelela abantu ababebuyiselwe ukuba bengxenye ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ehlanganisweni nokuthiwe kuhluke umthetho wesintu esiqhelekileyo.
Umkhombophu IES3060 lutshintsha amandla ehliniwe kuzokufika izicatshulwa zomoya ezidingekileyo ezinethuthukiseni lokusebenza kuhlu kwamalayithi akhe ephakathi kwezindawo ezincane ezizidinga imibuzo yezililo eliphakeme. Ukhuphelwe ngamandla okanyekezayo nokuhlola kweendlela zakusetyenziswa komoya, lokhu luvumela ukuhlola nokugcina olunqaphelwe. Ukubuyekeza kweqhosha lwakhe luyahamba ukuthi lusukele phakathi kwezindlela zokusebenzela ezindaweni ezincane noma ezikhulu, uzokusetyenziswa umsindo wemoya omncane.
Umgca wokuhlukeza amandla wesintuthuko lesikhathi sokugcina, ukuze libe luchule lokusebenzela ukusetyenziswa kwesintuthuko. Ngenxa yomthwalo omncane we-10 amashi, isistimu sithola umoya osukelwayo noma usizo olungabafani nokuhlola ukuba kuhluke izinhlelo zayo. Isisekelo sikwenza amandla esidingiwe ngazo, futhi kufuneka kusetshenziswa ngamandla okubanzi, ngakho esikwangeni sokuphendula amandla yokushicilela emoyeni.
Ubuthi lweLithium e-12V/24V uhlanganisa ukusetyenziswa okubona kwisezinye izicatshulwa, ezikhona phakathi kobuthi besihlanu ngaphandle komkhulu. Ukumiseli olunye webuthi lokuhlola ukungena amacala angaphezulu ukukhokha imibuzo yezilondolozi zokufika nokuphuma emfulweni. Ngokwesiphi, ukuhlawula kwabo kunqumelela abahlali basekwi-DIY, uphinde uhlangana ngezisebenza zomphilo wemfundo wesikhumulo ngokuhlawula nokuhlola iindlela ezinethemba.
Amabhethe amalithi angaphakathi kwisezulwini lokuvumela uphelo olungaba ngokuphakamiswa kweenergy yasoloyisheni, vumelene nokuba abantu basezindaweni bazise energy yesoloyisheni yakho esibekelwe. Ngokugcina okulingasebenzi phambi kokunyakaleka, leli bhethe lingenisa uphelo olungaba ngokuphakamiswa kweenergy yesoloyisheni ngemva kwe-80%, ephakamisa ukusukela kakhulu kwiindlela yokuhlola imali yesikhombisi. Lomsebenzi wokuqinisekisa kuhluke kakhulu lokuvumela ukuthi amaphrofitha akhethwe kubhekelwa kwesoloyisheni, uvumele ukuthi udlula lwesoloyisheni lwesikhompiyo singavume langaphandle kunye nokuthi siphakeme ngenxa yalokhu. Ukusebenza kakhulu lavela ngokuthi izindawo ezithile zihlola indlela eyahlukileyo ngokuthi zizoba kuhamba ngokushesha komkhathalintsha kunye nokuthi zingahlinzekela ngokuphakamiswa kweenergy yenkunku.
Ukuphongamisa okwesipho lusebenzi lokuncane olunethuthukiso kwezilithi, ezama ukususa umoya wokugcina ngalokhu olufakelwayo ngenqanawe yezinto zokusetyenziswa kakhulu, ukuze uzame ukungavalele kuhlobo lokugcina. Lolu cwaningo aluvumelela ukubuyekeza amagaba kodwa kunandisa indlela yokugcina yomphoyiso. Izibongo zokulondoloza umphoyisi zingazama ukukohlwa ukusuka kokwenqanawa kwezinye izinhlanga zokugcina emfikizeni ngemva kokucacileyo 30%. Ngokuyimpondo lwakho loku, izindlu zizange zihlinze kuqinisekise kumalangeni nokuthola kwezinhlanga zokugcina eziphakeme, uzobonisa ukuthi zikhono nezilimi zokugcina ezintsha ezidingekayo kwiindlela zokusebenzela umphoyisi wezindlu ezintsha.
Ukucabanga amabhethe ehlukene elithi ngokuthi ukuhlola okuphethwe kwezimali ezilithium ngeziselelo zokusebenza okusandiso kwesimali kuhluke umsebenzi wakhiwo. Iziselelo zakwenzela ukuba nokuhlola izindlela ezifanayo zokusebenzela esimaleni ukwenza ukuthi abantu abasebenzela izakhelo zabo zihlale ngendlela efanele, uzokusetyenziswa kwezimali kunqwenqwe kunomusho womunye wezimali. Ukubalwa kwiselelo esimnandi sibonisa isenzo sokusebenza kwiseleyo lesikhathi lokusebenza kanye nezinyathelo zokugcina esimaleni, ukusure ukuthi abasebenzela izakhelo zabo bazibonelele indlela yezigidi. Ngokufaka kwiselelo sokusebenza okusandiso, abasebenzela izakhelo zabo zizobala ukusetshenziswa kwezimali zabo, ngakho kulandelayo ukuthi ziyahlukile kuzama ukuba amasistimu akhiwo azikhwalele kanye nokulula okokuqinisekisa.
Amasistimu eLithium ayiphelele ukungakhozo kakhulu lokuhlola phandle komsebenzi wendawo yomoya, ukuze kuhlobene nokukhona okuningi nezinye izinani zokusebenza ngeenyanga ezilandelayo. Ngokuyongena amabatha oLithium kwisebentisi zakho zeenergy, abasebenzisi bezintshangayo bazibhekisele ukuphindekelwa kwemsebenzi wendawo yomoya ngamahhale angaphi na 50%. Ukungakhozo kunjalo akuxhasa kuphela ngokuthi kuhlola kumoya kanye nokuhlola phandle komoya, kodwa iyiphindaphinda ukuthi kungenani lokunqamukelwa ngenkathi iindlela zokusebenza zamoya zikhishwe. Umbiko wesicwangciso sokusebenza nomoya okulandelayo kukhangelwe njengamanje apha apho izindlela zokusebenza zamoya zingavimbiso, uzokusiza abasebenzisi bezintshangayo ukuba bahluleke phakathi komoya nobuciko bomfula obungcono.
Ukubophelela kwisebe esishiyekileyo (ROI) lweebhethi lelithium phakathi kweminyaka engu-10 kucacisa amagama amakhulu okuphumeleyo ngaphandle komali. Okukhuthaza lokulula amali akufanele ukhuphe umdingezelo wokugcina emva kokusebenza ngeenyanga eziningi ngenxa yokushintsha okukhulu kwegesi nesikhatsi esingakwenziwa sokusetyenziswa. Iimodeli yamathimba ziphindaphinda iziphumo lokuthi ROI lihlola iinguqulelo engu-300% phakathi kweminyaka engu-10. Ukugcina okukhulu kwegesi nesikhatsi esingakwenziwa sokusetyenziswa siphindaphinda isenzo sokuphumeleyo kwezinsuku ezingaphezulu ngokusetshenziswa kweebhethi lelithium kwiindlela zokuhlanganiswa ezindaweni zokugcina, uzihlobene nokwenzela elibonakalayo lokungazange abasebenzisi babuyekeze.
Ukuphela kwezinye izinto, amasi ahlukileyo olwandle lisho ukuba lokhu olungapheliyo ngokubonakale. Amasi ahlukileyo olwandle zidinga izincazelo ezifanele kwisekhondlo esiqhelekileyo nokuhlola kwezinto eziphathelene ngenxa yalokho akuyaziwayo kunye nephesha. Ngaphezulu, iibhethi elithi yazinga uphelo oluncinci, uzihlobene abantu abahlala emfuleni ukusuka kwezinto ezilindelene nezinhlobo zokuthengisa ezazithunywa ngokusebenzela umthetho wokuqala. Ukudlula kuhamba kuhlanganiswa ngezi zintloniphi ezikhona ngokulandelana nokuthi kuzo kuhlanganisayo okuningi lokusebenza nokuvamile kakhulu ngalokulandelayo. Ukusetha lithi lingabonga lokhu ukuthi ukuhlobonisa kanye nokuthi kuhlanganise imvume yokugcina enkonzo yenani lemfomfo, enhancisa lokho ukuthi iindlela zokuthenga umoya kumhlaba babekubizwa.
Ukuphinda kwezindlela zokusebenza kweSistimi Yokubheka Amabheti (BMS) ucusela uthuto olunomvume lwenqanawe ngokulandelayo, uyingxenye yokuqinisekisa umthentiselo nokuhlola. Izindlela ezinhle zihlukileyo zikhuluma ngezinto eziqhutywa ukuthi zifundele inqanawe yokushintsha okanyezelela ukungavuliweyo, amalayithi amancane asebenzayo ukufinyelela ukuthi akuzingasusiwe, kunye nezindawo ezidinga ukuyibuyelela umoya wocwaninga. Lendawo alandelana nazo zezilimo ezizithile ezihlanganisiweyo lokusebenza lokugcina uphakamiso lokusebenza lokulima nokwenzekiswa. Ngokuba izinsuku zokusebenza zizigcina, lezindlela zihlukileyo zikhubazekile ukuthola ukudibana kwesistimu sokujikeleza imali eside.
Amasistimu ye-lithium ayiphi ingxenye eliphakamisekile lokuhlola ukuxhasa izicatshulwa zokusebenza kwisezulwini ezahlukene ngokuthi baphethwe amandla ekusenzekelayo. Ukuphakamiswa okwangoku kuhluke kakhulu ngoba iindlela zakuphela kwesayensi zikhombisa, ngisho ngeendlela ezincinci yokugcina amaxhego evelileyo nokulandelana nezihlangano ze-home ezinhloko. Bahlukene seziqhaza sezilungiselela sizibhedlela sokubeka phakathi komandla wesayensi wabo ukuvumela ukuba akufanele ukwenza umva wobunzima bokushintsha kwezindawo ezidingekayo. Ukuphakamiswa okwangoku kuhluke kakhulu ukuba amasistimu avelile angqale ngokuziphumelela ukulungisa amandla esayensi kuhambisana nenkinga ezifuthe.
Izindlela ze-lithium zihlala izikhombisi kwisebentleli sokusavuma okulandelayo, uzokusetyenziswa amathethela angaphansi kunye nokuhlola kakhulu lokunqabeni lomphilo wemfene. Ukubonisa kwesiphumo sokuqinisekisa sesibhedleleni se-lithium sihlanganisa nempendulo yezilungu leziyizidinga izinkampani ezisenza ukuthi ziyiqinisekise imigomo yokusebenza emfikizeni. Amagcinwana wekhetho akahluke abafundisi baye ngokwesiphi esiqinisekiseyo lokusebenza okulandelayo, ukuze kube khona ukusukumisha kokuthi ilithium lihlala ligcino lokususa lokho. Ngokushesha lokuthi ukusavuma kukhona kwindawo yokugcina kakhulu ekhaya, ukufakwa komtheleli ye-lithium luhlelo olungileyo lokuhlola umthwalo wenkosi.
