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Ukuqonda izimo ezijwayelekileyo yezinhawu zokugcinwa kwezindleko kunceda ukuba zisebenze ngokulungileyo kwi practice. Icapicity yezindleko, okwenziwa ngokubanzi kwi kilowatt hours (kWh), iyathola ukuthi yini le ndawo engeke isistemu isetshenziswe ukugcina ngaphakathi. Icapicity yezindleko, isebenziswa kwi kilowatts (kW), iyathola ukuthi yini le ndawo engeke isistemu isetshenziswe ukugcina ngaphakathi. Le ndawo iyanceda ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa kwezindleko zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Icapicity enkulu yezindleko iyathola ukuthi yini le ndawo engeke isistemu isetshenziswe ukugcina ngaphakathi. Le ndawo iyanceda ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa kwezindleko zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Icapicity enkulu yezindleko iyathola ukuthi yini le ndawo engeke isistemu isetshenziswe ukugcina ngaphakathi. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni. Oku kuthinta kakhulu ukuthola ukuthi izinhawu zokugcinwa zasekhaya zisebenza kanjani ngezinyathelo zasemhlabeni.
Xa kubeke izinhawu zokugcinwa kwezinhloso, ubungako bokubuyela ngemuva busele kwezinhloso ezingcono okanye kubeke ngoba kubonisa kudala ukuthi yini lezinhloso ezithunyelwe zizobuyela futhi zisetyenziswa futhi. Izihawu ezinezibungo ezingcono kule nqubo ziyaxhumana ngokuhle nokugcina izinhloso ezikhona ngemuva kokuthunyelwa nokubuyiselwa, okwenzela ukutha kusebenzakala kakhulu abasebenzisa izinhawu zokugcinwa kwamakheli xa kungcono amakheli noma amaxesha aphakeme. Okwamanje amakheli amaningi okugcinwa kwezinhloso asebenzisa amakheli akalithiyam eliyonu, futhi lezi ziyahlala phakathi kwe-85% ne-95% xa kuhlandelana nezinhloso. Izihawu ezintsha evela manje ziyabamba ngaphezulu koko xa kuhlanganiswa nezifundo ezisha ezithunyelwe yezinhloso zokugcinwa.
Xa ubheka imithwanciso yokugcinwa kwezinhloso, ubudlelwane bokugcina kakhulu. Kwenyaniso, kuchaza ukuthini inani lezikhathi esingase kuchajwa nokuthola inqolobane ngaphambi kokuthi ithola ukungabi. Izimiso eziyinhle yekuthi ubude bokugcina kubangela ukuthuthukiswa okuningi kwezimali kubasebenzisa imithwanciso yezokugcinwa phakathi. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu kukuphakama okuchajwe, noma kuthiwa ngokushushu kwe-DoD. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthini kwekuphakama okuchajwe kwezinhloso ezinamandla engenzi ukungabi kwezinhloso. Abakhubekazi abaningi baletha ukuthi kufanele kugcinwe kwe-DoD kuqukwe kumathini okuyinto yokuthuthukiswa kwezikhathi. Imithwanciso yeziphakathi ezihlinzeka ngokunye. Thatha i-lithium-ion njengesibonelo ngokusho nezinhloso zaseMkhathini. Ngokwesiqephu esivamile sika-DoD, amathithi aseLithium-ion ahlukene ngokuningi kwezikhathi ezichajwe ngokugcina noma xa kutholwa ngokugcina, lokhu kwenza yena ukuthanda kakhulu kubasebenzisa eziphakathi ezifuna ukuthola izisombululo ezingcono.
Ukuphatha kahle kwezinhlobo zokuphatha intambo kuyindlela yokwenza ishoni lapho kubukeke kakhulu ukuthi izinhlobo zokugcina amandla endlini zisebenze kahle futhi zilindele. Lapho izibuko sizime kakhulu kulesi sikhungo esifanele, izinhlobo azithinte noma zihlange. Abantu abaningi baphatha kakhulu ngekhanda le- air noma le-liquid cooling ngeyodwa, ngakho-ke lapho kuneedwa elikhulu kulesi sithombi. Lezi zindlela zokuphatha kahle kwezinhlobo zenza kube yimali yokusebenzisa futhi zilindele kakhulu. I-indhustri iyaphuthuma ukuthi kuzoneke ukuphatha kahle kwezinhlobo ngezinko eziyisemukelweni ngeminyaka ethile, futhi kunezinko eziyisemukelweni eziqinile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuphatha kahle kwezinhlobo kuhlinza ukuthi ziyakwemisele yokuphepha. Ngaleso sikhathi, ngaleso sikhathi, izinhlobo zokugcina amandla zokuxhumeka kakhulu kuzoneke ukuthi zibe nenqubo yokuphatha kahle kwezinhlobo ezifakwe kakhulu kusisayo.
Imigqa yokuGcinwa kweZulu ngokwezimali kwiindawo zokunyela iindawo ezisebenzisa izulu ngokukhawuleza, kuvumela amaqela wokunyela ukugcina izulu eziphezulu kwaye uyilise xa kudingeka. Le migqa ephambili yokugcinwa kusebenza ngqo ngqo nezinye iindawo zokunyela, yenze ukuba siphumelele kwaye sisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Iyiyinkimbinkimbi xa kukho ukungqinelwanga phakathi koko abantu bafuna kwaye kuko abasebenzisa izulu bakhwangethu, ngaphezulu koko bantu ukuba bonge kakhulu izulu eluhlaza. Xa kusebenzwa nezinye iindawo zokunyela ezingavumelekanga njengokwehlathwa kwezulu kwaye nezicelo zokulula, imigqa yezulu ngokwezimali iya sebenza njengemigqa yokuqinisekisa umthombo wazoqobo. Amagama asebenzisa le teknoloji ngokukhawuleza ukuze ayiphumeleli ngaphandle kwezilingo eziyila ngokuvutshelwa. Iindlela zokwakha le nto zinezinto eziphambili – ngokwesicatshulwa sikaDeloitte malunga nezinto eziphambili kwiindawo zokunyela nguye kwi-2025, bekubekwe ukuba kukho ukwanda kwe-64% kwiindlela zokuqinisekisa izulu zokugcinwa ngokwezimali kwiyo yonke indwangu. Le nto yokuwanda ibonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba le migqa iyayiyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani kwiindlela zokulandelana ngokwezimali kwiimeko ezingavumelekanga kwaye kwiimeko ezingavumelekanga kwiimeko yezulu eluhlaza kwiimeko yabantu ngokwesibuko.
Ukwanda kwezinketho zamandla ezingaphansi kwamamitha kubonisa okuthile okukhulu ngendlela abantu abavamile abalawula ngayo izidingo zabo zamandla. Abanikazi bamakhaya manje sebengakwazi ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwabo kukagesi ngaphandle kokulinda izinkampani zikagesi ukuba zithathe isinyathelo. Lokhu kuthinta izimali zanyanga zonke futhi kunikeza abantu ithuba elikhulu lokusho ukuthi yini abayidingayo. Lapho imikhaya ikhiqiza futhi igcine ugesi ekhaya, izinhlelo ezinjengamabhethri ezindlu ziyivumela ukuba ilungise kahle lapho isebenzisa ugesi, inciphise ukuxhomeka emgqeni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ize ithole nemali yokuvuselela ugesi owengeziwe. Sibona abantu abaningi befaka lezi zisetshenziswa njengoba befuna ukulawula ukuphila kwabo ngamandla. Ngokwesibonelo, izibalo ezivela e-EIA zibikezela ukuthi izindlu ezinama-solar panel zizokhuphuka zisuka kumaphesenti angu-14 ngo-2023 ziye cishe kumaphesenti angu-25 ngonyaka ozayo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi abantu baya ngokuya befuna ukulawula amandla abo kunokuba bathembele kuphela kubahlinzeki bendabuko.
Izinhlelo zamabhethri elanga ezifakwa eduze nalapho zidingeka khona ziya zithandwa kakhulu ngoba zisiza ukuba kusetshenziswe kahle ukukhanya kwelanga. Lapho zihlanganiswa, lezi zinhlelo zigcina amandla engeziwe akhiqizwa emini ukuze abantu bakwazi ukuwasebenzisa lapho amanani enyuka ebusuku noma lapho ilanga lingakhanyi. Umqondo uwukusindisa imali ngenkathi kusetshenziswa imithombo yamandla ehlanzekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni benza amadili amahle kakhulu - izinto ezinjengokuncipha kwentela nezinhlelo zokubuyiselwa imali zenza abantu abafuna ukushintsha babe mnandi. Cabanga ngomkhaya othile eCalifornia owawuhileleke kulolu hlelo ngonyaka odlule. Imali yabo kagesi yanyanga zonke yehle cishe ngama-30%, okuyinto eyenza imali eningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umphumela onjalo wezwe langempela ubonisa ukuthi kungani amakhaya amaningi engase afune ukucabanga ngokwenza isinyathelo sokuphila ngendlela eluhlaza ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange.
Imodeli ye-HES05RK-51.2V100Ah-5.12KWh ye-AMIBA Power yayilapho kakhulu phakathi kwezimali zokusebenzela izindustriali ezilayisayo ukugcina amandla. Ngokuthi kunezinkenke ezi-5.12 kWh kuphela, le ndawo iyafuna indawo encane lapho sonke isitimela siyathetha, lokhu kwenza kuyisiko esiyane esidla nezindawo zokusebenza kanye nezindlu zezinhlobo zokuthiwa. Okuthi kwenza lokhu kuhlukile kakhulu kuma-batteries evela kakhulu kuyilokho okuthi kuyabusa amandla ngokuthi kunezindleke zencane. I-density yamandla aya kakhulu ngokulinganisa naleyo abanye bengxenye. Futhi ungakhathali ngokuthi kuyabusa inkokhelo ngokuthi kunezindleke encane. Aba basebenzisa izindawo ezilayisile lokhu babhala ngokuthi kuyakhusha izinhlobo zabo zokusebenza ngendlela elula noma lapho kunezikhithi zokulala zingakhona lapho kudinga ukusebenza ngokushesha.
Amabhizinisi abhekana nokucishwa kukagesi njalo angathola ukusekelwa okuqinile ohlelweni lwebhethri lwe-HES10RK-51.2V200Ah-10.24KWh. Njengoba inamandla okugcina amandla angu-10.24 kWh, le yunithi igcina imishini ebalulekile isebenza lapho ugesi ushona. Izitshalo zokukhiqiza, izikhungo zezokwelapha, nezikhungo zedatha konke kuncike ekugelezeni kwamandla okungaphazanyiswa, okuyinto le bhethri esiza ngayo ukuba igcinwe phakathi nalezo zinhlekelele zokungaboni kahle. Izinkampani eziningi ezindaweni ezivame ukuhluleka ugesi zisanda kuqala ukutshala imali kulezi zinhlobo zezixazululo zokuvikela. Lolu thando olukhulayo lunengqondo uma sicabangela indlela ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okufushane okungaphazamisa ngayo imisebenzi ethembele ekuphakelweni kukagesi okungaguquguquki.
Imodeli ye-HES15RK-51.2V280Ah-14.336KWh ye-AMIBA Power ibonisa ukuthi yintoni eyisebenzela ngayo ngokugcina kakhulu - ukugcinwa kwezimoto esebenza kakhulu kumakhiwano apho izikhipha zokulula kungase kungenzeka. Ngokuthi kungathini izihospitali noma izicaphuni zedatha. Ipack ye-battery inezimoto ezingama-14.336 kWh, okungathi kungasebenze ngemva kukaqo abanye basebenzisa izimo zokusebenza zazo kumasebenziso amaphakathi. Ayikho into engcono yokuthi izicukumakatha zokulula zizenza ukuthi kube nezinto eziningi. Kumaqo apho kusebenza kuzo, ukunikeza amahora okusebenza ngaphezulu akunceda ukuthi kube yimali yokusebenza ngendlela elula noma ukuthi kungase kube yinto enkulu. Ukubheka ukuthi yintoni eyisebenzela ngayo ngoku kwi-industri, amakhampeni amaningi aqala ukubona ukuthi kungcono ukuthi kube nezimoto ezidinga ukusebenza ngaphezulu kwezinye. Ayikho into engcono yokuthi kube nezimoto ezidinga ukusebenza ngaphezulu kwezinye; kungcono ukuthi kube yinto encane ukuthi kube nezimoto ezidinga ukusebenza ngaphezulu kwezinye.
Indlela uhlelo lokugcina amandla olungashintsha ngayo phakathi kokushaja nokukhishwa kunquma ukuthi luyosebenza kanjani lapho kunesidingo esiphuthumayo samandla. Lapho izinhlelo zingashintsha amandla ngokushesha, zisabela ngokushesha kunoma yimuphi amandla adingekayo, okwenza umehluko ezintweni ezinjengamabhethri asekelayo asekhaya noma asetshenziswa ngamapaneli elanga. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukuguqulwa kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu, lonke uhlelo luba buthaka futhi lukuthola kunzima ukuhambisana nezidingo ezishintshayo. Nokho, ubuchwepheshe bamabhethri buye baqhubeka isikhathi eside. Uma sibheka izibalo ezivela embonini, sibone ukwanda okungama-20% ekusebenzeni kahle kokuguqulwa eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Lolo hlobo lwenqubekela phambili lubonisa ukuthi abakhiqizi bayayicubungula ngempela ikhodi yokusebenza kangcono lapha.
Ukuhlelwa kwezinkhokho zokuvutha ezingenakukhona kwezinye izifiso zokuvikela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimali kwemisebenzi yokugcinwa kwezinhlobo ngaphandle kokulahla kwezinhlobo. Izinhlangano ziningi ukubheka ezinye izindlela zokuvutha ezifanayo nezokuphathwa kwezinhlobo noma ukungena kwezifiso zokuvutha kwezinhlobo ukuthuthukiswa kwezimali. Uma izinhlangano zihlanganisa lezi zinkhokho zokuvutha nezinto ezenzekile kusifiso, zidinga ukuthola iziphumo eziyinhlobo ngaphandle kokulahla kwezinhlobo. Thola le nto ngokuxhumana nezinhlangano eziningi zokugcinwa kwezinhlobo abasebenzisile le nto ngendlela efanele. Balandelana nezinhlobo nezokuphathwa kwezinhlobo ngokwenzeka, lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuvutha ngaphandle kokulahla kwezinhlobo. Kune abaningi abakhombisa ukuthatha izindleko ngokukhulu ngokushelelwa lezi zindlela.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-batteries engcono kuxhuma ngokuthi kuhambisana kanjani ukusebenza okungcono nokuthi zingcosteni zingakanani. Kunesicelo esikhuthalisayo esikhona kule ndlela, njengoba kuthiwa ngabantu ngokuthi i-solid state batteries kanye nezindlela ezungcono zokuyilungisa izindala. Futhi, qhina le – i-artificial intelligence isele isele ikhuluma ngokubaluleka kakhulu ekuphatheni le ndawo yokugcina amandla, okungaba yinto ebalulekile kakhulu ekuphatheni kwamandla phakathi kwethu. Abasebenzisa le ndlela abaziwa ngokuthi ngobusuku bamafive years kungenjalo, izinto ezintsha zingaba yinto ebalulekile kakhulu engcotshwayo amathuba okusebenza kwebatteries kakhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kuye ekutheni izindleko zingaphansi ngenkca ya30%. Kwabanye abantu abathola amakhaya abathanda ukulanda i-solar panels noma abathanda ukugcina i-electricity kungaba kunezindlela ezungcono ezozakhiwa kuzo.