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Amabhako amandla aningisekelwa ngokwesintsi sabakhemikali ababangako, abafinyelela isintsi sesintu nokuthi ubungane baphansi. LCO (Lithium Cobalt Oxide) kulayishwa ngokupheleleyo kusintsi sesintu, ukuvumela kube lula kwezicatshululo ezincinci njengezihlobo zomthwalo. Kodwa, kuhlobene nesiphumo sasihlaba esisetseni kakhulu. LiFePO4 (Lithium Iron Phosphate) , ngakwesininzi, kulayishwa ngokuthi ngenqanawe yesihlaba esisetseni kunye nokusebenza kwenqanawe, ukuze kube yilungile kwezicatshululo ezingcinane, ngokusho lokhu kusetyenziswa ngesolari. NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) ukulandela uphakathi kwezinto zokungena amagcali nokuthi inqanawa yonke, uyingxenye yokubona ukuba lokhu kuyaziwa ngokupheleleyo ngezimo ezinomsindo nokuthi izicatulo zakho zibekwe ngendlela eyayiphiweyo, futhi iindlela zokuhlola zizihlabeleka. Ukufunda lezinto nokukhetha lo mtsha ngaphandle kokuthi ubone okudingekayo nokuthi zingabafundi ukuthi lokhu kunye nezi zinto ezingazange zikhethwe ngoku kuzo.
Umgcali womsebenzi umgca lesikhatsi esifanelekayo sokuthi ingcango yobothile yiyo; lokhu kuhluke kakhulu emva kwezinto zokugcizelela nokuthi isikhatsi noma umoya usuka phakathi kwesikhwama. Le LCO amabothili ngakwabo bonakaleyo umgcali omkhulu wemsebenzi, oku kungavunyelwa ukuthi akhethwe ngokupheleleyo ngamabothili angasemthethweni. NMC amabothili benza ngokubalulekileyo umgcali wemsebenzi wehlukene lokusetyenziswa ngokukhulu. Ngakwesonto, Amabhethri e-LifPO4 zihlala ngokubhedekileyo kwindawo yamatumi, kodwa zikhona khona kakhulu nge-safety kunye ne-longevity. Izidinga eziningi zizoba kuziphatha kwi-charging times kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesicelo, uzokhetha ukuthi i-energy density ifanele yisimo esisodwa kuhlanganisa le battery type okungavunyelwe ngalokho olungapheli.
Ubukhulu be-lithium-ion ubavulekile ngokushesha phakathi kwezindawo ezidingiweyo ezinomsindo. LiFePO4 amabhetari ahlala kakhulu ngokuthi amahluke ngokupheleleyo, abaningi labeza lokhu labanye ngokuhlala amanani amabili ngaphambi kokuba zisukelele. Leliqhaza lokuhlala lungenziwe kakhulu lokuncedisi kunye nokudibanisa imali ekumeni. NMC kanti LCO amabhetari, ngokushesha azihlala izinsuku emangeni. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-data kumngako wamanufacturers kunye nemibhalo yendawo yenkcwadi ziqhubeka izimbhalo zombhalo we-lifespan, uzobuyiselwa ukuthi ukuze uhlinzekile umphakathi wesintu kunye nokuthola izinketho ezidingiweyo kuhlanganisa le battery selection.
Izinyawo ezidingeki zikhombisa izilungiselelo ezinethetha kahle ezichasenwe ngokulandelayo ukuze sihluleke amaphrojekthi okufane kuhhomasika, imibhayisithi nezindaba. Ngokushesha, LCO amabothili kukhuphe kakhulu kumakheli amandla okuntini nokubanzi abantu njengamakhompyutha, ukususa umoya wokugcina ngalandelu olunye usuku angakwazi ukucabanga indlela yokuhlola. Amabhethri e-LifPO4 kukhuphe kakhulu kumandla okudala okanye ngephrojekthi yezolo lokusebenza ngephrojekthi yebhetti, uzokusiza isibhedlela sikhona kunye nokususa kakhulu. NMC amabothili bhekisisa iindlela lezi zemoto ezintathu kunye nemibhamu yokuphumelela ngokuziphindezelwa kwamandla kunye nokususa kakhulu. Ukufunda kwezilungiselelo ezinethetha kahle kuhlelwa ngokuyimfanelo wesicelo sokuhlola nokuhlola kahle komandla kunye nokususa kakhulu esikatsweni sesicelo sokusetshenziswa.
Ukuphumelela kwevolenti ngokubalulekile kwisezilungiselelo eziningi, kusukela kumakhetho welektroniki esincane kwaendlaweni lezikhuthazelo zomsebenzi olunyeleya (EVs). Ngokwesentiso, amakhetho welektroniki esincane azidinga ngakho yokugunya elinye lwevolenti lokho evela ku-3.7V phakathi kwemibhalo, ngaphandle kokuba amasiphi wasevulindlebo azidinga amavolenti amaningi ngokwesihlanu noma ngokubheka. Ukubizwa ukuthi volenti lolu hlobo lwamalithi-yoni lihlale kuhlanganiswa nesicwangciso sokusebenza kulula ekuthathweni nokuhlola. Iindlebe zokusebenza, njengazo zazivumelwe ngeInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), ziyahlela ukuthi imigomo yevolenti ziphumule, futhi uzokwenza ukuthi ubungane kunye nokuphathelani kwisezilungiselelo ezininzi nezindaba ezinikayo.
Ukubalaseka kwezinto zokuphakamisa kwezansi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesinye sokuqala lokusebenza ngokwesibhedlela kusenziwa ngokuba yindlela yeqhutywa. Ukuphakamiswa kwezansi, inhloso yayo i-ampere-hours (Ah), ifaka ukuthi ngaphambi kanjani izansi zisetshenziswa, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezansi, inhloso yayo yi-watts, iyetshele ukusetshenziswa ngokufanele kumthetho wesicelo. Izicelo ezidinga umnotho okubhekisele, njengamanje amanqaku amahhadi okanye amaxesha amahhadi ahlula, anceda ukubalaseka kakhulu ukuze usure kuze kune run-time enye kunye nokusetshenziswa. Ukusebenzisa amandla amateknikali apho amahlaba akuzisebenza amazansi azifake isibonelo sokugcina le balanse, uzokususa ukuthi kulandelwe ukuthuthukiswa lokusebenzela esikhathini somncedisi.
Ukuphumelela kwamathempethi kusetyenziswa kwezibhedha ezilithium-ion, ngokushesha kakhulu emizamo yezindawo zokusebenza ezikhona amazinyathelo esidingeni. Izintuthuko ezilithium-ion eziningi zihlabeleka ngokubhebhekileyo lokuhlala ekusindeleni noma ekusindeleni, zisebenza ngokubhebhukeni apho abanye bazifunyanwa. Ukukhetha izibhedha ezinakumbuso lomthempethi kukhangelela ukubuyiselwa kweendlela zokusebenza nokuhlula kwezibhedha. Ukufunda kunye neziindlela zokusetyenziswa zokungaphambili zisiza ukubonisa lowo amathempethi angasebenzise kakhulu ngazo amathempethi ngokulandelana namazinyathelo, uzame ukusuka idatha elisisekelwe yokusetshenziswa kwezibhedha ezikhwangaleko.
Umbuso wesikhephe sithi ngokushesha ukuthi okungenziwe amakhulu yezilondolozi zomoya oluzenzekelayo ezinethatheleyo kufuneka zikhawuleze ngenxa yamakhulu yokuthi umoya wakho waphumelele kuwona ngendlela. Ukukhetha lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthi imali yokusebenzela i-battery ngalokhwi lilo. Ngokushesha, i-LiFePO4 batteries zikhawulene ngokubhekene ne-cycles ezikhulu zakhe, zingabonisa izinsuku ezintathu ezinethatheleyo, khona ukuthi uzokusetyenziswa nokuthi kuhlala kakhulu. Iinkcukacha ezidingekiweyo zibeke izinkinga lezi zombuso, uzokubuyekeza ukuthi abantu abaningi bakhethelene ngokuphi ingxenye yokuthi kuhlala kakhulu.
Amasiko amahhule ngokwesikhephe sifumanisa amabheti ephakathi kweenergy endaweni okuthile ukuvumela izinyathelo ezindala, ukuze kube ngenxa lokho amabheti lalo lapho lichaza khona. Ngomoya wasekushisana, umthondazo wamandla waculeka ngalo olungaphandle kwezindlela ezikhulu, okuningi lokulandelana nokuthi kufanele amabheti abe ngokukhetha energy engezi kakhulu ngaphandle komphakathi ofanele. I-data yamasboniso usebenzisa ukubonisa ukuthi kunoma indlela yokuhlola ekupheleneyo emisebenzi yakho, lokhu kuzama ukubaqhuba isenzo zokusebenza zemisebenzi.
Ngemibhuti ye-EV (EVs), ukubalasekiswa kwezinhlobo zemfundo nokulula kwamabheti kuhluke kakhulu. Amabheti angu-NMC kunye ne-LiFePO4 akhetha ngokukhulu ngoba kunezimali zihlabelelanga ukuthi zibe ngokwabo ngokwesintsho sokugcina nokulula. Izinsizatu zomphilo womsebenzi wesekushisana zingazama ukubonisa ukuthi ubuhlukanisi bewokusetyenziswa kwemibhuti yesekushisana, uzame ukubaqhuba ukusetyenziswa kokuthi amabheti angaba ngokwabo ngokubalasekiswa kwezinhlobo ezimbili.
Kwisistimu ye-solar, isiphumo sesiBhethi sikhangezela ukugcina umoya owahlukile ngalanga lwehlathi ukuze usebenzise lapho ingxenyeko. Lapha, uhlobo olunyekezo kanye nokuhlola kwe-temperature kuhlukelelwa, ngenxa yalokho amabheti a-LiFePO4 angavumelwa ngakubala. Ukusuka kwesihlonipho sokuthuthukiswa kanye nokuhlola okulandelayo kuyamukela abo ngokwesintu yokusebenza yeesistimu ze-solar. Izibophezelo zomphilo wemali olungaba lokhu kuzathatha izimbongi zokuthi iindlela ezinomsindo zilithile zilithumelela ukuthi amabheti a-lithium-ion, njengama-LiFePO4, zingasetyenziswa ukugcina umoya we-solar.
Iindlebe zisethembekayo kwisezintshabaliso ezikhulu zomoya esizigciniweyo, ukuguqula imali yesimo lemayelana nokuthi umoya wendaweni wakhiwe. Lapha, uhlobo olunyekezo nokuphucukeleka kuhlukelelwa, ngenxa yalokho ukukhetha kwebheti elikhuli ekugcineneyo kuhlukelelwa phakathi komsebenzi. Idatha yomkhonto yawunyamelelanga kunye neentsha yokuthi kukhonjwa ngezinga ezikhulu zokugcina umoya emfazweni, uzokusungula indlela eyinhloko yokuthi amatekonoloji amabhete ayiqhathanisiweyo akhangelela lokhu kusebenzisa.
Umgca wokugcinwa kwezinto zesintu IES3060-30KW/60KWh uyindlela lokuhlola olukhangelwe lokulandelwa kokuthi izinkinga zokufakelwa kweenergy, ukusureka ukungavumelelwa ngendlela yokuthetha ngezinto ezindala ezinathengayo. Lolu hlobo lwenkcane ulithile amaxesha okanyekezekelayo njalo nokubuyekeza ngokwesiphumo esisodwa sokuthi sizodinga ukuthi sihlale ngendlela yezinto ezikhoyo zokufakelwa kwezinye izinto zesintu. Izitshixo ezimbili zezilimi lokusebenza lezi khona ukusombulula ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene nesibonelo sokuthi ukuhlala kwakhona kuzama ukuthi ubheke umoya omkhulu ngokuphephandwayo ngaphandle komhlaba, ukusomisa ukuthi lokhu kungumthombo omkhulu lokusebenzela ukubaluleka kweenergy.
Ubuthi LAB12100BDH ubungena okwesentile esebenzisa amabili ngokuphambili lokuhlola imiphumela yomphawu kanye nokusebenziswa kwezi zinto eziningi ezilindelela amakheli. Ukubuyiselwa kakhulu ngekhona kanye nehluko lokuhlola imiphumela yasekupheleni kwezi zinto ezisebenza, njengemishini we-UPS nokubuyekezo olunyeleyo. Umsindo wesicelo wakwabo uzama phambi kokugcina ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesentile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lebuthi lungenzelelwa lokuhlola umsebenzi wamakheli abaningi okulandelana nokuphathelani kunye nokuhlola kakhulu.
Amagcinane amahhula elithi olwandle luhlola ukuthi kuzolulekisa izinkinga ezikhoyo lokusebenzela ukuze kuhloniphe iindlela zokusetyenziswa nokuhlola kwezinye izinto. Ukubonisa ngokupheleleyo kukho okugcineneyo lokelise, vumela izinesi zombili ukuya ngeendlela ezintathu ezincedisiweyo njengekhononi abasebenzi babuyekeza imigomo yezimali ezifanayo ngokukhuluma kwazo. Amakhononi akhethile asebenzisa amagcinane amahlula akhuluma ngenqanawe yokusebenzela kunye nezilungiso ezibonakalayo, uvumelela ukuthi izilungiso zomphoyiso zabelana nesidingo sokuhlola esebenza ngokushesha.
Amabheti amandla okuthuthukise kuzohlola isimo sokuqala sokuthi lithiyoni-layithonjisi, uzokubuyekeza ukusindiswa nokuphakamiselo kweminyango yamathe. Ukufakelwa kwabo kukho kuhluze kumthetho wazo ngoba zizofunyelwe amahhulu lokugcina ngezinye izinto ngokushesha lokusebenza. Ufakelwayo ukuthi lezi zibheti zakwazi ukuthola amagama amakhulu njengalokulandelana nezilondolozi ezinomsindo, futhi zikwazi ukuthola umthetho omphumeleleyo lomkhuhlane, ukuze zikhuseleke kumthetho wesekhemini esidingayo. Kuyangene ukuthi amabheti amandla okuthuthukise zakwazi ukuba aphakeme kakhulu lokungathintela ukusindiswa, ngokubanzi kwiZilo LoluHluke nokuthi oluhlaza lokulondoloza iindlela ezifaneleyo. Kuningi ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwamabheti amandla okuthuthukise zakwazi ukuba aphakeme kakhulu lokungasindiswa emfulweni, ngokubanzi komkhuhli wokuqala.
Umbaluleko kwiqhutywa lezicatshulwa ezinhlelo ziyavulwa ngokupheleleyo ukususa isiphumo sokuqala esisetyenziswa ngenqanawe yemayithi. Izimbali zihluke izinto ezincedwe ngokubona nokuhlola kwesinye sinethemba sokuthi zizoba kuvala ukusuka kwezikhatsi lokusebenza kunye nokuhlatywa kokwamukelwa okanye, ukuba kungena ngokubalulekile nezilimi ezibuyelekile ezincinci. Lendawo lingezise ukuthi lizoba kuzama ukwenza imveliso yesikhatsi kunye nokugcina ukumela, ukuvumela amagumbi angaphambili yokuthula ekugcineni. Iindlebe zokuxhasa labantu lindoda ukuthi lezi zingezise izintechonoloji ezinhlelo, uzokusiza amaprawesi ahlukanisiweyo ephakameni lokusebenza kwezikhatsi. Ukufika kwezinhlobo zokuthula zikusukekulungelela ngokuthi zingezise amagumbi angaphambili yokuthula ekugcineni.
Ukuphucula amaphakathi ezithile zomphilo olwandle liphayela isiqephu sokuhlola uhlu lwamagama okuthile nokuhlola amagama okusetyenziswa. Iindlela ezikhishaneni nezinhlobo ezintsha zaziqashelwe ukusetshenziswa kweboniso lokuphucula iziphi amaphakathi ezivuliwe, okungaba kuhle lokukubonisa ukusuka kokubheka imali yokusebenza. Ngenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu wokuphucula, ukufunda kwamagama amasendaweni akutshetshisiwe ngokulandelana. Amastatistiki wezindlala zikhombisa indlela enhle yokuphucula, okungaba kuhle lokuhlola umculo wenkoloze kanye nokuhlola ukuphucula. Izidingo eziphumaphi zingabheka ukuthi ukuphucula liphayela isiqephu sokuthi ukuhlola kumthetho wesizathu.
