EN
Quick Links
Imigqa yebheti yasolari iyasebenzisa kakhulu iiphotovoltaics, okanye i-PV ngokufuphwele, apho umoya wokwenziwa kwezikelo zokusebenza. Umyama wokwenyuka kumaqele aye kwiindawo ezi PV, ngokuvumelekileyo yezilikonzi zaseSilicon, ubangela ukuba zilande umoya futhi zenza umoya wokusebenza. Lokhu kwenza ukuba kube khona umoya wokusebenza ngokucacileyo kwiqonga. Abakhokeli bokudlala ngokwabo bakhona ukubona lokhu ekubeni iipaneli zabo ziqala ukuzenza amandla ngemva kokuba kwehlelwe yimbala. Ubukhali beqondo le-PV bangelwa ngokupheleleyo kuba libona amandla esolari elikhohlo, ukunciphisa ukusebenzisa ikohle ne-gas futhi ukunciphisa amacathode okubilika ngokubangelwa.
Izinhlelo zamabhethri elanga zincike kakhulu ezixazululweni ezinhle zokugcina amandla ukuze konke kuqhubeke kahle. Lapho ilanga likhanya, lawo mapaneli esikhathi esengeziwe avame ukukhiqiza ugesi ongaphezu kwalokho okudingekayo ngokushesha. Lawo mandla engeziwe agcinwa emabhethri ukuze angabi yize. Khona-ke ebusuku noma ngalezo zinsuku ezinamafu lapho kungekho khona ilanga, abanikazi bezindlu bangakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla agcinwe esikhundleni sokuncika kuphela emgqeni. Amabhethri e-lithium ion aye aba ukukhetha okuthandwa kakhulu kulezi zindawo ngoba ahamba kahle ngokwe-energy ngayinye ngenkathi esebenza kahle. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi la mabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu ngezidingo zokugcina izinto ekhaya, okuyinto enengqondo ukuthi kungani izindlu eziningi ezisebenza ngelanga zigcina zinokhetho lwe-lithium.
Indlela lesethu esebenza ngaso imigqa yamaggeba eselulekileyo yekhona yekhono lelithi yenza ube yinconywa kakhulu fanye nezindleko eziqondileyo kakhulu kubungo lwabantu. Sebenzisa ikheli le-net metering njengesibonelo leyo kuvumela abantu abangena ngemali engaphezulu yokulayela khona kwi grid fanye wathole amakhredityo kuzo. Lokhu kwenza amakhasimende echweni eliphezulu ngokuthula kwezinsizakwana. Kufanele kubonakale ukuthi yini indawo phakathi kwezinhlelo eziphakanyisiwe kwi grid esincisheni kanye nezinhlelo eziqinileyo zokuphumelela. Izinhlelo zokuphuma kwi grid zinika abasebenzisi amandla okuphakamisa konke kakhona kuzo, ngakho-ke azidingi ukuthi izikhlinjelo zithinte indlela lokuqala. Lapho abasebenzisi baleka ngokuthenga le nto etholakalayo namanje, baphumelela ukuthola inani elibalweni lezo zindleko fanye nezinhloso zokuthi bethembele ukuthi indlu yabo iyasebenza noma yikuphi ukwengeza kwezinhlelo zasekhaya.
Izibhobho zasolari zenza ubungako bokusebenza kwamasolari kwiindlela zokusebenza ngokuthatha umoya wesibhakabhaka futhi ukubeka kwezikhwama esingasebenziswe kahle kuzo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezibhobho ezikhona kumathketi namanje, futhi zonke zasebenza ngendlela eyahlukene. I-Monocrystalline izibhobho zibonakala ngoba zisebenza ngokuhle futhi zilanga kude, kodwa zinezindleko ezithathu. I-Polycrystalline zingaphakathi kwezidinga zabantu zokuthenga ngokuthenga koma zokuthola ngokubuyela kwezimali zabo. Indawo apho ezibhobho zizohlela kuyindlela ethathwa ngokubonakala. Ukuthola indawo enempilo yokuzwa kuselulekile ngokuthi zihlonje kuyo yeyona ndlela engcono ngoba leyo ndawo ikuvumela ukuthatha umoya wesibhakabhaka ngokugcwele ngenyanga. Izinombolo ezisha kabusha bantfu bonke abakhona nezibhobho zasolari bezethola ngokuphelele ama-kilowatt amahora angu-1,200 ngonyaka ngalunye ngalunye kwekilo yokuqinisekiswa. Lokho kwenza izibhobho zasolari kuyinto engunakubonakala kubantu abathela ukuthula izindleko zokwenza kwezinyanga futhi bakhona ngokweqile kwezindleko eziphambene nezinye izindleko.
Izinhlayiya zokugcina yesilimu azisebenzi ngaphandle kwezivumelwano, ezifunda le nkqubo yamanzi (DC) etholwe yile phepha elibonakalayo emakhanda fwaqo yenza into lekukhanya olungaphandle (AC) okuyindlela esebenza ngawo emakhanda wethu. Xa ubuka izinketho, abantu abaningi bafumanisa izinhlobo ezintathu: izinhlayiya zokuxhuma, izinhlayiya ezingaphansi, nezinhlayiya zokuvumela. Izinhlayiya zokuxhuma zenza ukubonakala kwezinhlobo ezinkulu ngoba zinzima ngaphandle, kodwa kukhona into engalunganga. Uma okunye kwe phepha kugcwele kanye noma kufakwe ngokubunjwa, le nkqubo yonke iphazamisa. Izinhlayiya ezingaphansi zinezindleko ephakeme, kodwa zihlotshaniswa ngqo kwe phepha ngalunye, ngakho ke imiphatliso yesi singathatha isikhungo sokuqala. Izinhlayiya zokuvumela zikhona phakathi kwezi zinhlobo ezimbili, zenza into yokuthi zilandane nendlela ngayinye fwaqo yenza le nkqubo yonke ibenze ngakuhle. Indlela izinhlayiya zenza into yokusebenza kuyindlela esebenza ngawo le nkqubo yonke. Ziningana nezinye izinhlayiya zase yini ezisebenzisa ukusebenza phakathi kwe 95% fwaqo 99%, okuthi into engathi yini ikhishwa xa kushintshwa ukukhanya kwe DC ku AC.
Imicaba yesolari kakhulu iyafavora amacala ebatteri yelithiyam - ion ngoba inemisebenzi emihle kakhulu futhi inemva elide. Abantu abaningi balela le micaba ngokuthi yilowo khetho ongasemakethe ngokuthi kungakanani izikhathi loku kuchajwa ne ukuthishwa kungasungula kakhulu. Umntho wokuchajwa kungenzeka kakhulu futhi, ngokwesibonelo kungenzeka ukuthi kuchajwe ngokuphela kwezingu-10 000 bese kufanele kubuywe, lokhu kungama 13 kuya kuma 18 ngokwesikhathi kanye nosizo. Xa sibonisa kuma lead-acid edlule, amacala ebatteri yelithiyam - ion ayasebenza ngemigomo ephambene nezindleko zokuthishwa futhi zenze ukugcinwa komkhawulo okuningi. Noma izindleko ekuqaleni kungaba yizinkinga ngokulingana nezinto ezinzile, abasebenzisa kakhulu babona ukuthi izindleko ezengezela kufakwa kakhulu kuhlanganisa le nto ngenduku yezinye izikhathi. Kune futhi into yokuhlonipha ephathelene nezinto zokuziphatha eshumiwe ngokuthi le teknoloji yelithiyam - ion ingenza ukungcola kakhulu kwezinto ezingcono lapho kuchaywa ne lapho kusebenzwa, futhi inemigomo yokuvikela ngokuphelele kakhulu kwezindleko zokunyukela eziningi ezifaywa yinto yezinye izinhlobo zebatteri.
Izibheti zasemoyeni zinika amakhaya inkululeko ekinga kakhulu ukulayela kwevenkile yamandla. Lapho kunezinsuku eziphakeme zokuhla, lezi zinhlelo zilondoloza yonke into ehlukile ukuze abantu bane mandla noma lapho ikhile yamandla iphule. Lokhu kungcono kakhulu lapho kunezindawo apho izwe lifaka izindlela ezimfushane njengezinsuku eziphakeme noma izindiza zasemoyeni. Sebenzisa oku kungu Puerto Rico lapho kunesitsatsi se-Hurricane Fiona. Amakhaya afakwe ngokusebenza kwezibheti zasemoyeni, faka phakathi kwezifakelo zasemoyeni zokugcina amandla, zibeke amandla wabo asebenza ngenkathi wonke amanye akhiphe amandla. Oku kungcolile ukuthi ukunikezwa kwezinye zokugcinwa kwezamandla kungakhathaze abafazi nezifamili ngenkathi kuzomile, ukuvikela izinto ezifundamental njengezithawu zokugcina amandla nezibonelo zokubona lapho kudinga kakhulu.
Izibheti zasolari zikhulise imali ehlukahlukene yesikhwama ngokuthi izisebenziso zilungise izindleko ngokwehora. Xa izulu liphakathi kwezinkanyezi kusasa, amandla aphezulu aqukwe kugcinwa. Abakhokho bendvuma le ndvuma esetshenziswa kakhulu ngemva kwalokho esibuyile kuzindleko ezinhle zokunyuka kwemva kwalokho xa kungcono ukuthengwa. Imali ehlukahlukene ikhona ngemva kwalokho, ngakumbi kaphakathi kwezisebenziso zasikhwama ezinezindleko eziphathwe ngokwezikhathi. Kabanzi basekwa kaphakathi kweCalifornia noma New York ezindlekweni ezinhle kwezwa kusile, ukuthengisa izibheti zasolari zikhona ukuthola imali yabo ngemva kwalokho ezinye izinyanga futhi zikhonze ukuthi kunezindleke zokunyuka kwemva kwalokho xa izulu liphela.
Ukuqala ukusebenzisa izinhlayiya nezinhlayiya zokugcinwa kuhlela kakhulu kumhlaba, ngokuvamile kuba yindlela ethulaswa kakhulu kwezimali eziphathelene nezindleke zokuphela futhi kuthulaswa ubunzima obungu- carbon. Umhla wokusebenzisa izinhlayiya zokuphila kakhulu kuhlela kakhulu kumhlaba, ngokuvamile kuba yindlela ethulaswa kakhulu kwezimali eziphathelene nezindleke zokuphela futhi kuthulaswa ubunzima obungu- carbon. Kuyindlela yokuthiwa izinhlayiya ziyakhiwa kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto, okungathi kuyindlela yokuthiwa amazwe ayihleli kakhulu kumhlaba. Uma abantu bayaqala ukusebenzisa izinhlayiya zokugcinwa kuzo zonke izinto, kunezinto ezithinteka eziqala ukuthiwa. Abantu abasebenzisa izinhlayiya zokugcinwa kuzo zonke izinto, kunezinto ezithinteka eziqala ukuthiwa. Lokhu kuyindlela yokuthiwa amazwe ayihleli kakhulu kumhlaba.
I-Battery ye-Lithium ye-IES3060-30KW60KWh ukulela kwi-Industry Energy Storage ikhona iindlela ezinhle zokugcinwa kwezindawo zokusebenza. Ngekuphela kwe-60 kilowatt hours noma kwe-30 kilowatts yekhono lokulayisha, le nto iyasebenza ngokugooda emathwebeni kanye nemigwaqo apho kudingekayo ukuba kukho okanye ukulayishwa kwezimali kakhulu xa kungcono. Ngokulingana nezinye izinketho zokugcinwa evela kumthwana wokuqala, i-IES3060 iyasebenza ngokugooda ngemuva kwezinsuku kanye nezikhathi zokuthutha kakhulu ngokuthi izifundo ziyakhula. Abakhubeki abaningi baza bethola ukuthola izimali ngokude ngemuva kwezinsuku kuba lezi zibhobho ziyasebenza ngokude kusukela ekubeni kungcono ukuba zilungiswa ngokusheshayo njengoba kusebenza kwezinye. Umphathi wemathweba omlinga wabonisa ukuthi bayaqala ukusebenzisa le nto ngemigwaqo ethile kusukela kwezinyathelo ezimbalwa kuphela ezidingekayo.
Isikhala IES50100-50KW100KWh sikhala elikhulu kakhulu esebenza ngokuphezulu kwezimali ezininzi ezingcono ukulungiswa kwamandla. Ngenxa yekhapa lakho lokugcinwa kwe-100KWh nokunikeza amandla angama-50KW, isebenza kahle kizindaweni apho isicelo samandla asilali, njengokuba kuzo izinhloti ezikhulu zedatha noma izilayini zokwenza ngqo ngishonile kwezifakti. Okuqinisekisa ukuthi leli gciya lisebenza ngokuhluhlwa kakhulu kwezinye ezinguqukayo kuleli qoqo nguuthi kusiza izinkampani ukuthi zibe yimali yamandla wokugcina amandla ngokugcina izindleko ngokudlule kwezinsuku. Isakhiwo sakhe sibonakala ngokuncane ukulungiswa ngokulingana nezinye izindleko eziphatha ngokweqile, okusebenza ngokuncane ukungcola kwezinyathelo zokusebenza. Izivivinyo ezweni lapho kusebenzisa kakhulu kubonise ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zingasebenzisa izinkathazo ezininzi ngemva kwenye ngenye ngenye ngapha kwehlukahluka, okusebenza njengesikhuthazo esinhle kwezinkampani ezingcono ukulayisha izindleko zazo zokulungiswa kwamandla ngokulingana nezimali zokugcina izulu.
Ezindaweni zasekhaya, i-HES116FA 10KW16KWh inikeza indawo encane ngenkathi isaphethe amandla anele ezidingo zamandla emakhaya amaningi. Njengoba yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izindawo ezincane, le yunithi ingena kahle emagalaji noma emakamelweni angaphansi komhlaba lapho izinhlelo ezinkulu zingeke zisebenze khona. Abanikazi bamakhaya abahlala emafulethini noma ezindlini ezincane bavame ukuhlushwa ukuthola indawo yamabhethri, kodwa le modeli iyishintsha ngokuphelele leyo ndlela. Abantu abafake le mishini babika ukuthi amandla agesi ageleza kahle phakathi kwamanethiwekhi kagesi namandla agcinwe usuku lonke. Abaningi bathi kuba lula kakhulu ukulandelela indlela abasebenzisa ngayo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zici zisiza ekwakheni indlela yokuphila eluhlaza ngaphandle kokudela ukunethezeka noma ukuphumula.
